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The course of COVID-19 is determined by various factors. Studies worldwide have shown a correlation between changes in the expression profile and the severity of the disease. Thus, an in-depth study of differentially expressed genes will allow a more detailed investigation of the metabolic changes occurring in the background of coronavirus infection. The technique of RNA sequencing and subsequent bioinformatics analysis is suitable for such research tasks. In our study, we compared groups of samples from patients with mild and severe disease course and identified a number of differentially expressed genes. These genes are involved in metabolic pathways responsible for immune response, signaling, intercellular communication, metabolism of various compounds etc. We then identified master regulators whose function and role in pathways enriched by differentially expressed genes makes them potential targets for biochemical and meta-studies.
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COVID-19 , Coronavirus InfectionsABSTRACT
Objectives: The study analyzes the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the elite athletes practicing martial arts both in terms of fear and intolerance of uncertainty. Methods of research: 30 athletes practicing martial arts participated in this study: 10- pankration, 10- judo and 10 - wrestling, aged from 15 to 35 years. The impact of Covid-19 pandemic on the elite martial arts athletes was assessed from the perspective of the two scales (Fear Scale and Intolerance Scale) obtained from Research Central. The Fear Scale related to Covid-19 includes 7 items and was created by Ahorsu et al. (2020). The Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale - short form - includes 12 items. Thus, the prospective anxiety and inhibitory anxiety were calculated. The athletes were assessed through the two scales, in a single ascertaining stage. Results: Regarding the Fear of Covid-19 Scale (the reference range is between 7 and 35), the results indicate an increased fear of Covid-19: most athletes had results over 25. In the case of the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (reference ranges: from 12 to 28), the athletes obtained scores between moderate tolerance to uncertainty and increased tolerance to uncertainty (namely scores from 28 to 60). As for the two factors resulting from this scale: the prospective anxiety - the scores ranged from 25 to 38;for the second factor - inhibitory anxiety - the scores ranged from 19 to 35, which shows a prospective anxiety and a moderate to high inhibitory anxiety. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the most important sources of current uncertainty in the physical and mental health of the athletes and of the entire population too. The results of the study provided relevant information about the fear of Covid-19 pandemic and of intolerance of uncertainty as well. Thanks to this information, the athletes were offered methods to cope with the pandemic period, such as: relaxation techniques and breathing techniques meant to optimize and improve sports performance.
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Background: Severe COVID-19 survivors may exhibit functional impairment, radiological sequelae and persistent symptoms at short to mid-term follow-up. Aim(s): To determine the trajectories of respiratory recovery after severe COVID-19, and factors that could influence it. Method(s): Prospective, multicentre, longitudinal cohort study of adult patients hospitalized for severe COVID-19 (LOS >= 7d, oxygen flow >= 3L), evaluated at 3 months from hospital discharge with conditional follow-up at 6 and 12 months. Result(s): 486 participants from 13 French hospitals were included (median age 61y;female sex 27%): 173 needed oxygen only, 96 required non invasive ventilatory support and 217 were intubated. 454 (93%) patients were evaluated at 3 months, whereas 294 (60%) and 163 (34%) were followed up at 6 and 12 months, respectively. At 3- months assessment, a restrictive lung defect, an altered diffusion capacity and significant radiological abnormalities were observed in 33%, 71% and 57% of the cases, respectively. In case of extended follow-up, FVC (% pred.) increased by 4 points at M6 and by 7 points at M12, in mean;DLCO (% pred.) by 5 and 7 points, respectively. Age, sex, obesity, immunodepression, chronic cardiac or respiratory disease, initial extension of pneumonia and mechanical ventilation over 14 days were associated with lung function at 3 months but not with respiratory trajectories from this time point. Conclusion(s): A systematic follow-up seems justified after a severe COVID-19, especially in patients with extensive radiological lesions during acute illness. Pulmonary function and residual radiological abnormalities may improve up to 1-year after hospital discharge. Covid-19 A.
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Declaration de liens d'interets: Les auteurs declarent ne pas avoir de liens d'interets. Copyright © 2022
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Introduction: Les survivants de formes severes a critiques de COVID-19 peuvent presenter des sequelles fonctionnelles et radiologiques et des symptomes persistants a distance de l'episode aigu justifiant un suivi prolonge. L'objectif de l'etude est de determiner les trajectoires de recuperation respiratoire apres un COVID-19 severe, et les facteurs qui pourraient l'influencer. Methodes: Etude de cohorte prospective, multicentrique, longitudinale de patients adultes hospitalises pour COVID-19 severe (duree d'hospitalisation >= 7 j, debit d'oxygene >= 3 L) ou critique (intubation), evalues (clinique, TDM, EFR, test de marche, questionnaires de symptomes et de qualite de vie) 3 mois apres leur sortie de l'hopital, avec un suivi ulterieur conditionnel a 6 et 12 mois. Resultats: Au total, 486 participants ont ete inclus dans 13 hopitaux francais (age median : 61 ans;sexe feminin : 27 %) : 173 avaient necessite de l'oxygene seul, 96 un support ventilatoire non invasif (CPAP, OHD ou VNI) et 217 avaient ete intubes. Au total, 454 patients (93 %) ont ete evalues a 3 mois, 294 (60 %) et 163 (34 %) ont ete suivis respectivement jusqu'a 6 et 12 mois. Une dyspnee d'effort, un syndrome restrictif, un trouble de la diffusion et des anomalies radiologiques significatives ont ete observees respectivement dans 62 %, 33 %, 71 % et 57 % des cas a M3. En cas de suivi prolonge, la DLCO (% theo.) et la CVF (% theo.) augmentaient en moyenne de +4 points a M6 et respectivement de +6 points et +7 points a M12. Le sexe, l'indice de masse corporelle, les maladies cardiovasculaires ou respiratoires chroniques, l'immunodepression, l'etendue de la pneumonie pendant la phase aigue de la maladie et la duree prolongee (> 14 j) de ventilation mecanique invasive etaient associes a la DLCO a M3, mais pas a sa trajectoire ulterieure. Parmi 476 patients (97,9 %) ayant eu au moins une TDM thoracique au cours du suivi, 196 (41 %) avaient des sequelles significatives sur leur derniere imagerie. Le sexe, l'etendue de la pneumonie a la phase aigue, la duree de la ventilation mecanique invasive et la DLCO a M3 etaient independamment associes au resume des composantes physiques du SF-36, tandis que seul l'age etait associe au resume des composantes mentales du SF-36. Conclusion(s): Bien que la fonction respiratoire s'ameliore et que les anomalies radiologiques residuelles regressent jusqu'a 1 an apres l'episode aigu, une proportion importante des survivants de formes severes ou critiques de COVID-19 ont des sequelles radiologiques et fonctionnelles importantes et des symptomes residuels pouvant affecter leur qualite de vie et justifiant un tel suivi. Copyright © 2022
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The World Health Organization (WHO) declares COVID 19 pandemic in March 2020. Each pandemic wave had different clinical and biological characteristics, the expression of the disease being correlated with the dominant viral variant. Patients with COVID 19 have a pro-coagulant status, which predisposes them to thromboembolic complications. The current study aims to systematize the symptoms of COVID 19 and to highlight its relationship with the suspicion and confirmation of the diagnosis of pulmonary thromboembolism. We performed a descriptive retrospective study on patients with COVID 19 for a period of 4 months (September-December 2021). During this period, 183 were hospitalized with COVID 19 and 53 were enrolled in the study. Incidence of COVID 19 was 63% (33) in men and 37% for women. The average age of women was 68 years compared to men where the average age was 61 years. We observed a higher incidence of the disease in men in the 41-60 age group (39% of all men), while, in women, the most affected age group was 61-80 years (60% of all women). Pulmonary thromboembolism (PE) was diagnosed by pulmonary artery angiography, with an incidence of 57% in the study group affecting 60% of women and 55% of men. The symptoms are dominated by fever, cough and dyspnea. Fever was present in 65% of women and 55% of men, cough was present in 65% of women and 79% of men, while dyspnea involved 40% of women and 42% of men. In conclusion, PE was a common complication in COVID patients that contributed to adverse outcome and higher mortality. The symptoms were not specific to minor forms of the disease. Copyright © 2021 Authors. All rights reserved.
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Objective: The COVID 19 pandemic has been the biggest health problem in the last 2 years, exerting huge pressure on the global healthcare system. Studies showed a predisposition in men to develop more severe forms, with a higher mortality rate, in comparison to women. Also, men infected with SARS CoV2 would be at higher risk of hospitalization in acute intensive care units (ICU) with complications that could lead to death Methods: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study that included 177 hospitalized patients in a time frame of 18 months with SARS CoV2 infection confirmed by RT PCR testing in the Pneumology Department of the Clinical Hospital of Pneumophtisiology of Constanta, Romania. The information needed to conduct the study was gathered from the patient's general clinical observation sheet and included: the smoker/non-smoker status of the patient, age, symptoms associated with COVID19 infection, biological data, form of disease, treatment administered during hospitalization. Result(s): The study group included 177 patients, 42% of whom were women (82) and 54% were men (95), suggesting a higher incidence of SARS CoV2 infection in males. The most dominant symptom was cough in 62% cases of women and 56% cases of men. Females had a higher incidence of anosmia (11%) and ageusia (2%) compared to males (anosmia, ageuzia-1%). A higher predominance of women developing moderate forms compared to males. Severe forms were found in 22% of cases in women and 23% in men. Conclusion(s): It is inconclusive if male patients show a more severe evolution of COVID19 infection compared to females. Women have shown a predisposition to symptoms such as ageusia, anosmia and a more severe inflammatory syndrome. Copyright © 2021 Authors. All rights reserved.
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Accor, the European leader in the hotel industry, has been hit hard by the effects of the health crisis since March 2020. With the closure of hotels, hiring freeze, and deployment of partial unemployment, more than 220,000 employees have been affected by the consequences of the pandemic on the hotel group's activity. Beyond the emergency measures put in place, Accor has deployed an unprecedented aid system aimed at financially supporting its employees in the most difficult situation, and at welcoming the most vulnerable people within its establishments. At the same time, the group is already working on its recovery. It is in the process of certifying its hotels to guarantee optimum sanitary conditions, and is adapting a strategy focusing on the development of the lifestyle segment and on local customers.
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Introduction Les infections virales respiratoires, dont l’infection à SARS-CoV-2, peuvent déclencher des symptômes respiratoires chez les patients souffrant de maladies respiratoires chroniques, entraînant des exacerbations et parfois des hospitalisations. Malgré le tropisme préférentiellement respiratoire du SARS-CoV-2, les études évaluant les maladies respiratoires chroniques comme facteurs de risque de forme critique de la COVID-19 sont controversées. L’objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer la prévalence de formes critiques de la COVID-19 chez les patients hospitalisés porteurs d’une maladie respiratoire chronique. Méthodes Cette étude rétrospective française bicentrique a inclus tous les patients hospitalisés du 15 mars au 30 juin 2020 pour motif respiratoire liée à la COVID-19, hors unités de soins intensifs et réanimation. Résultats Au total, 617 patients ont été inclus dont 125 présentant une maladie respiratoire chronique, principalement une bronchopneumopathie chronique obstructive (45 %) et un asthme (30 %) (Tableau 1). Le pourcentage de patients ayant obtenu un score de 6 ou plus sur l’échelle de progression clinique de l’Organisation mondiale de la santé 1 pendant leur hospitalisation était plus faible chez les patients atteints d’une maladie respiratoire chronique que dans la population générale (21,6 % contre 31,3 %, p=0,03 %). Parmi les patients porteurs d’une maladie respiratoire chronique, une température supérieure à 38°C à l’admission (OR 16,88 [IC 95 % 4,01–71,00]), une lymphopénie (OR 5,08 [1,25–20,72]), un traitement par pression positive continue (OR 4,46 [1,04–19,17]) et un âge élevé (OR 1,09 [1,02–1,16]) étaient associés à un risque accru d’atteindre un score de 6 ou plus. Conclusion Selon cette étude, les patients porteurs d’une maladie respiratoire chronique hospitalisés pour forme grave de la COVID-19 ont un risque plus faible de développer une forme critique de la maladie, en particulier les patients souffrant d’une broncho-pneumopathie chronique obstructive et d’un asthme. Des études prospectives pourraient permettre de confirmer nos résultats et d’éclaircir l’impact des traitements inhalés et notamment de la corticothérapie sur la sévérité des infections à SARS-CoV-2.